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Introduction
Choose Your Scenario
Model District Cost Drivers



Elementary Schools
Class Size and Planning Time
Small Group Support
Individual Tutoring
Staffing Strategies



Secondary Schools
Class Size and Scheduling
Staffing Strategies



Professional Development
School-based PD
Individual Careers/Other PD



Compensation and Time
Teacher Compensation
Instructional Time



Reports and Results
Budget Summary
Per Pupil Costs

A focused, deliberate professional development strategy is a critical part of meeting student performance goals. High performing districts integrate resources to improve instruction using effective professional development models in the highest priority areas.

High quality instruction begins with defining instructional priorities and supporting teachers at the school and classroom level with training, coaching, and incentives. The School-based PD and Individual Careers/Other PD pages provide options for allocating resources in support of high-quality instruction:
  • School-based PD — Research indicates that schools must continually improve the actual instruction that takes place in the classroom in order to improve student performance. Scheduling time for teachers to receive regular, ongoing training in high priority areas as well as to meet with colleagues and coaches concerning teaching and learning goals is effective in focusing and improving instruction. The School-based PD page provides ways to adjust your district's resources to support the ongoing development of teachers.

  • Individual Careers/Other PD — To be most effective, professional development should be individualized to support teachers in high priority subject and skill areas. Research suggests that it takes a new teacher five years to gain the experience needed to become fully effective in the classroom. A systematic program that helps teachers build classroom leadership skills is critical for both new teacher and student success. The Individual Careers/Other PD page helps you to consider your district's individual teacher career development and support strategies by allowing you to adjust contracted professional development time, and mentors and reduced class sizes for new teachers.
 
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We encourage you to use this model and to share it with anyone else who is dedicated to improving student performance through the strategic use of school resources.  Selling this tool is expressly prohibited.  See Terms of Use.

This research was supported by the School Finance Redesign Project at the University of Washington's Center on Reinventing Public Education through funding by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Grant No. 29252.  The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and are not intended to represent the project, center, university, or foundation.

This strategic resource allocation tool is designed to assist users in evaluating the costs of select educational program elements and alternatives.  Neither ERS nor the School Finance Redesign Project endorses the use of any of the specific elements/alternatives contained in the tool, endorses the use of the elements/alternatives in the tool over other elements/alternatives, or guarantees the effectiveness of the tool elements/alternatives relative to improving student outcomes.  Users of the tool bear sole responsibility for consequences associated with using the output of the tool and/or implementing the elements/alternatives in the tool.